by Kazuo Ishiguro
You're looking for the impact of societal change on an individual, and this is a masterclass. The story is told from the perspective of an English butler whose entire identity is tied to his profession, an identity that becomes obsolete as the old aristocratic order crumbles after WWII. The character development is breathtaking, revealed through the narrator's own repressed and unreliable memories as he confronts a lifetime of choices.